| Byte Offset | Parameter Name | Description | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | 0 | AM (Amplitude Modulation) | Vibrato/Tremolo settings | | 1 | PM (Phase Modulation) | Vibrato/Tremolo settings | | 2 | EG (Envelope Generator) | Sustain level / Key scaling | | 3 | KSR (Key Scale Rate) | Envelope scaling based on pitch | | 4 | MULT (Multiplier) | Frequency multiplier | | 5 | TL (Total Level) | Volume/Output level (Carrier) | | 6 | AR (Attack Rate) | How fast sound starts | | 7 | DR (Decay Rate) | How fast sound drops to sustain | | 8 | SL (Sustain Level) | The level the sound holds at | | 9 | RR (Release Rate) | How fast sound fades after key-off |
Older versions of emulators often baked these instrument profiles directly into the emulator's core code. However, as emulation accuracy standards became stricter, developers decoupled these ROMs and BIOS files from the core executable. ym2413+instrumentsbin
Amplitude Modulation (AM) / Vibrato (VIB) / Sustaining (SUS) / Envelope Key Scaling (KSR) / Frequency Multiplier (MUL) Key Scaling Level (KSL) / Total Level (TL) 2 Attack Rate (AR) / Decay Rate (DR) 3 Sustain Level (SL) / Release Rate (RR) 4 | Byte Offset | Parameter Name | Description
: Using an Arduino and a real YM2413 chip. as emulation accuracy standards became stricter